With the rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities, water bodies are increasingly contaminated with harmful organic pollutants such as dyes, antibiotics, and bisphenol A. Traditional methods like adsorption, chemical treatments, and biological processes have limitations, including inefficiency, potential secondary pollution, and high operational costs. With the rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities, water bodies are increasingly contaminated with harmful organic pollutants such as dyes, antibiotics, and bisphenol A. Traditional methods like adsorption, chemical treatments, and biological processes have limitations, including inefficiency, potential secondary pollution, and high operational costs. Analytical Chemistry Phys.org – latest science and technology news stories