At independence, most African states had two legislative chambers—a lower and upper chamber—in their parliament. African leaders saw that as a colonial legacy and as inefficient, so most states removed the upper chambers. Before 1990, only two states kept these bicameral parliaments: Liberia and Nigeria. At independence, most African states had two legislative chambers—a lower and upper chamber—in their parliament. African leaders saw that as a colonial legacy and as inefficient, so most states removed the upper chambers. Before 1990, only two states kept these bicameral parliaments: Liberia and Nigeria. Political science Phys.org – latest science and technology news stories